From Unix to Linux
An Android phone and an Ubuntu computer do not look much like a machine at Bell Labs in 1969. Both can run a Linux kernel, though, and Linux
Fundamentals
Computing, operating systems and AI — from Unix and Linux to language models and the history of AI, explained from the ground up.
What Is a Large Language Model?
An LLM does not come from nowhere. The first ChatGPT gave us a way to converse with a model from the GPT-3.5 family. But GPT was already
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A Short History of AI: What Changed, What Didn't
The wish for thinking machines is older than modern computing: it appears in stories, philosophy, and mechanical calculation. But those cultural precedents are not a scientific lineage; the